Table 2.
Dosimetry and other characteristics of selected radiation epidemiology studies post–BEIR VII
| ID | Study group or name | Exposure period | Exposed subjects | Average (range) dose: target | Dose metric | Study reference | Dosimetry reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Environmental | |||||||
| 1 | Chernobyl residents | 1986–2000 | 1 256 | 6 (0–265) mGy, RBM* | Absorbed dose | (28) | NA |
| 2 | TMI residents | 1979 | 21 494 | 0.10 (0–0.80) mSv† | Hp(10) | (29) | (30, 31) |
| 3 | Chinese background | 1905–1998 | 31 604 | 66 (0–125+) mGy, colon‡ | Absorbed dose | (32) | (33–35) |
| 4 | GB background | 1991–1996 | 64 240 | 4 (0–31) mSv, RBM* | Equivalent dose | (36) | (37–40) |
| 5 | Swiss background | 1974–2008 | 2 093 660 | 9 (0–49) mSv | Equivalent dose | (41) | (42, 43) |
| 6 | Techa River residents | 1951–2007 | 17 435 | 60 (0–960) mGy, stomach§ | Absorbed dose | (44) | (45–47) |
| 7 | Finnish background | 1990–2011 | 4 372 | 2 (0–12) mSv, RBM*, ∥ | Equivalent dose | (48) | |
| 8 | Taiwanese residents | 1982–1995 | 6 242 | 48 (0–2363) mSv | Equivalent dose | (49) | (50, 51) |
| Medical | |||||||
| 9 | Cardiac imaging patients | 1996–2006 | 82 861 | 5.3 mSv per patient-year | Equivalent dose | (52) | (53, 54) |
| 10 | French pediatric CT | 2000–2010 | 67 274 | 23 (0–100+) mGy: brain; 9 (0–100+), RBM | Absorbed dose | (55) | (56) |
| 11 | UK pediatric CT | 1980–2002 | 178 604 | 43 (0–350+), brain; 12 (0–50+) mGy, RBM | Absorbed dose | (57) | (58) |
| 12 | PIRATES (low-dose) | 1926–2000 | 107 594 | 30 (0–200) mGy, thyroid | Absorbed dose | (59) | (60–62) |
| Occupational | |||||||
| 13 | Korean NW | 1984–2004 | 79 679 | 6 (0–50+) mSv | Effective dose | (63) | NA |
| 14 | Russian CL | 1986–1987 | 357 | 51 (0–500+) mGy, RBM¶ | Absorbed dose | (64) | (65) |
| 15 | UKNRRW | 1946–2001 | 174 541 | 25 (0–600+) mSv | Equivalent dose | (66) | (25, 67) |
| 16 | Korean NPW | 1978–2005 | 16 236 | 20 (0–480) mSv | Effective dose | (68) | NA |
| 17 | Rocketdyne NW | 1948–1999 | 5 801 | 14 (0–1000) mSv# | Equivalent dose | (69) | (70) |
| 18 | Japanese NW | 1957–2002 | 200 583 | 12 (0–<450) mSv** | Effective dose | (71) | (72, 73) |
| 19 | Canadian NW | 1956–1994 | 45 316 | 22 (0–679) mSv | Equivalent dose | (74) | (75–77) |
| 20 | Ukrainian CL | 1986–1987 | 1 000 | 82 (0–2600) mGy, RBM* | Absorbed dose | (78) | (65, 79) |
| 21 | German NPW | 1966–2008 | 8 972 | 30 (0–100+) mSv | Effective dose | (80) | NA |
| 22 | US NW | 1944–2005 | 119 195 | 20 (0–700) mSv | Hp(10) | (81) | NA |
| 23 | INWORKS | 1944–2005 | 308 297 | 21 (0–1332) mGy, colon; 16 (0–1218) mGy, RBM | Absorbed dose | (82, 83) | (17, 84) |
| 24 | US atomic veterans | 1945–1963 | 114 270 | 9 (0–580) mGy, RBM†† | Absorbed dose | (85) | (86–88) |
| 25 | USRT | 1916–1997 | 66 915, breast; 110 297, brain; 65 719, skin | 37 (0–100+) mGy, breast; 12 (0–290) mGy, brain; 56 (0–1735) mGy, skin | Absorbed dose | (89–91) | (92–94) |
| 26 | French NW | 1950–2004 | 59 004 | 26 (0–669) mSv | Hp(10) | (95) | (96, 97) |
Values shown are for control population. BEIR = biological effects of ionizing radiation; CL = Chernobyl liquidators; CT = computed tomography; GB = Great Britain; Hp(10) = personal dose equivalent; INWORKS = International Nuclear Workers Study; NA = not applicable; NPW = nuclear power workers; NuTRIS = Nuclear Test Review Program Information System; NW = nuclear workers; PIRATES = Pooled International Radiation and Thyroid Cancer Epidemiology Studies; RBM = red bone marrow; TMI = Three Mile Island; UKNRRW = UK National Registry for Radiation Workers; USRT = US Radiologic Technologists.
Values shown are described as “likely” skin dose values. Range is from Gur et al. (98).
Person-year weighted average is shown.
From Davis et al. (44).
Median dose is shown.
Estimated from dose distribution.
External dose only.
Upper bound from Iwasaki et al. (73).
Adjusted NuTRIS dose from Beck et al. (99).