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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Appetite. 2021 Jan 16;161:105117. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105117

Table 1.

Global characteristics by frequency of cooking lunch and dinner over the past 7 days, prior to Covid-19 ‘stay at home orders’

Overall Lunch Dinner
N (%) Median [IQR] Median [IQR]
Total 145417 (100%) 2 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Gender
Male 71458 (49%) 0 [0, 3] 0 [0, 3]
Female 73960 (51%) 4 [1, 7] 5 [2, 7]
Age
Under 20 21682 (15%) 0 [0, 3] 1 [0, 4]
21–40 61164 (42%) 2 [0, 6] 3 [0, 7]
41–60 40173 (28%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
61–80 19756 (14%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Over 81 2637 (2%) 3 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Education
Elementary 54296 (38%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Secondary 70604 (49%) 2 [0, 6] 2 [0, 6]
Tertiary 19519 (13%) 2 [0, 5] 2 [0, 5]
Marital Status
Single / Never been married 46332 (32%) 1 [0, 4] 1 [0, 4]
Married 74209 (51%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Separated 2815 (2%) 3 [0, 7] 4 [0, 7]
Divorced 4466 (3%) 3 [0, 7] 4 [1, 7]
Widowed 8010 (6%) 5 [0, 7] 5 [0, 7]
Domestic partner 9210 (6%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Children
Yes 80391 (55%) 2 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
No 64735 (45%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Income
Poorest20% 28335 (20%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Second20% 28564 (20%) 2 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Middle20% 28602 (20%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Fourth20% 28651 (20%) 2 [0, 6] 2 [0, 7]
Richest20% 28654 (20%) 2 [0, 5] 2 [0, 6]
Employment Status
Employer 39129 (27%) 1 [0, 4] 2 [0, 5]
Employed for self 18836 (13%) 1 [0, 6] 2 [0, 7]
Part-time not want full-time 11104 (8%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Unemployed 9704 (7%) 2 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Part-time want full-time 13399 (9%) 2 [0, 6] 3 [0, 7]
Out of work force 53246 (37%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Access to Food
No 53573 (37%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Yes 90779 (62%) 2 [0, 6] 2 [0, 6]
Health Problems
Yes 37289 (26%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
No 107387 (74%) 2 [0, 6] 2 [0, 7]
Living Environment
A rural area or on a farm 40641 (28%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
A small town or village 46119 (32%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
A large city 41990 (29%) 2 [0, 6] 2 [0, 6]
A suburb of a large city 16295 (11%) 2 [0, 5] 3 [0, 6]
Religion
Christian 71453 (49%) 3 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Islam 39009 (27%) 1 [0, 5] 1 [0, 6]
Hinduism 4234 (3%) 1 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Buddhism 6666 (5%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Judaism 834 (1%) 1 [0, 3] 2 [0, 4]
Secular/Non-religious 10863 (8%) 2 [0, 5] 3 [0, 6]
Region
European Union 27779 (19%) 2 [0, 6] 3 [0, 6]
Europe-Other 8900 (6%) 2 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Commonwealth of Independent States 12748 (9%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Australia-New Zealand 1996 (1%) 2 [0, 5] 4 [1, 6]
Southeast Asia 8905 (6%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
South Asia 8049 (6%) 0 [0, 7] 1 [0, 7]
East Asia 7600 (5%) 2 [0, 7] 3 [0, 7]
Latina America and the Caribbean 18366 (13%) 3 [0, 7] 2 [0, 7]
Northern America 2005 (1%) 3 [0, 5] 3 [1, 5]
Middle East and North Africa 15470 (11%) 0 [0, 4] 0 [0, 4]
Sub-Saharan Africa 33598 (23%) 2 [0, 5] 2 [0, 7]

Note: Median cooking frequency per week (0–7)