Figure 1: Inflammation connects COVID-19 and Cancer with Pulmonary Diseases.
In addition to genetic predisposition, several extrinsic factors such as, bacterial / viral infections and environmental agents can cause inflammation, with an emerging realization for the involvement of epigenetic regulation. Inflammation leads to pulmonary manifestations exemplified by ARDS and COPD, which are observed in COVID-19 as well as lung cancer patients.