Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with underlying CKD
| Patient characteristics | All patients (n=280) | Survivors (n=196) | Nonsurvivors (n=84) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr, median (interquartile range) | 75 (65–84) | 70 (59–80) | 86 (76–90) | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 176 (63) | 125 (64) | 51 (61) | 0.59 |
| Borough of residence: 0.187, n (%) | ||||
| Manhattan | 100 (36) | 73 (37) | 27 (32) | 0.39 |
| Queens | 111 (40) | 69 (35) | 42 (50) | 0.02 |
| Brooklyn | 41 (15) | 31 (16) | 10 (12) | 0.39 |
| The Bronx | 19 (7) | 15 (8) | 4 (5) | 0.37 |
| Race and ethnicity: 0.036, n (%) | ||||
| White | 87 (31) | 53 (27) | 34 (41) | 0.02 |
| Black | 52 (19) | 40 (20) | 12 (14) | 0.22 |
| Asian | 42 (15) | 25 (13) | 17 (20) | 0.11 |
| Hispanic | 58 (21) | 45 (23) | 13 (16) | 0.15 |
| Maintenance medications (pre-COVID-19), n (%) | ||||
| ACE-inhibitors | 62 (22) | 46 (24) | 16 (19) | 0.41 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 93 (33) | 73 (37) | 20 (24) | 0.02 |
| Diuretics | 118 (42) | 82 (42) | 36 (43) | 0.87 |
| Sevelamer | 23 (8) | 15 (8) | 8 (10) | 0.61 |
| Calcitriol | 28 (10) | 21 (11) | 7 (8) | 0.53 |
| Antihyperlipidemic agents | 186 (66) | 133 (68) | 53 (63) | 0.43 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 232 (83) | 162 (83) | 70 (83) | 0.89 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 155 (55) | 112 (57) | 43 (51) | 0.36 |
| Congestive heart failure | 109 (39) | 72 (37) | 37 (44) | 0.25 |
| Asthma | 38 (14) | 29 (15) | 9 (11) | 0.36 |
| COPD | 44 (16) | 31 (16) | 13 (15) | 0.94 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (interquartile range) | 25.7 (21.7–29.2) | 26 (22.4–30.5) | 24.2 (21.3–29.2) | 0.40 |
| Baseline (pre–COVID-19) laboratory characteristics, median (interquartile range) | ||||
| Creatinine, mg/dl, n=192 | 1.5 (1.2–2.2) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) | 1.6 (1.3–2.7) | 0.21 |
| BUN, mg/dl, n = 189 | 31 (21–44) | 29 (19–42) | 35 (25–53) | 0.01 |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2), n=192 | 44 (27–59) | 46 (29–60) | 40.5 (23–52) | 0.02 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl, n=173 | 11.6 (9.8–13.1) | 11.8 (10–13.2) | 11.3 (9.4–12.5) | 0.23 |
| Ferritin, ng/ml, n=64 | 160.5 (60–357.5) | 104.1 (52.8–349) | 262.9 (139–473) | 0.02 |
| Phosphorus, mg/dl, n=188 | 3.6 (3.2–4.2) | 3.6 (3.2–4.1) | 3.7 (3.2–4.3) | 0.91 |
| PTH, pg/ml, n=49 | 81.9 (57.8–120.5) | 80.8 (60.1–96.7) | 92.1 (46.2–197.9) | 0.46 |
| CRP, mg/dl, n=74 | 3.6 (0.8–4.8) | 2.2 (0.6–4.6) | 4.2 (2.4–5.6) | 0.02 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×103 mm−3, n=173 | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.72 |
| Laboratory characteristics on admission | ||||
| Creatinine, mg/dl, n=268, median (interquartile range) | 1.98 (1.4–3.2) | 1.9 (1.3–3.1) | 2.1 (1.6–3.4) | 0.42 |
| Creatinine >0.3 mg/dl from baseline, n=185 (%) | 84 (45.4) | 45 (36.8) | 38 (63.3) | 0.001 |
| BUN, mg/dl, n=228, median (interquartile range) | 43 (27–69) | 38 (24–67) | 46 (32–74) | 0.07 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl, n=270, median (interquartile range) | 11.8 (9.8–13.6) | 11.9 (9.8–13.7) | 11.6 (9.5–13.2) | 0.29 |
| Ferritin, ng/ml, n=185, median (interquartile range) | 688.9 (351.2–1318.0) | 688.9 (328.5–1258.0) | 695 (437.4–1392.0) | 0.10 |
| Phosphorus, mg/dl, n=188, median (interquartile range) | 3.85 (3.3–5) | 3.75 (3.3–4.8) | 4.5 (3.3–7) | 0.0015 |
| CRP, mg/dl, n=181, median (interquartile range) | 10.4 (4.9–19.3) | 10.2 (4.6–16.5) | 11.7 (5.8–23.7) | 0.02 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×103 mm−3, n=248, median (interquartile range) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.01 |
| Laboratory characteristics at discharge, median (interquartile range) | ||||
| Creatinine, mg/dl, n=153 | 1.8 (1.2–3.0) | 1.4 (1.1–2.4) | 3.0 (1.8–4.7) | <0.001 |
| Phosphorus, mg/dl, n=85 | 4.1 (3.1–5.2) | 3.7 (3.1–4.6) | 6.4 (4.2–9.6) | <0.001 |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; PTH, parathyroid hormone.