Table 1:
Characteristics of Included Participant^
| Overall | Did Not Receive Unemployment Insurance Benefits | Received Unemployment Insurance Benefits | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 68911 | N = 40173 | N = 28738 | ||
| Weighted N = 34382646 | Weighted N = 21967614 | Weighted N = 12415032 | ||
| N (weighted %) or mean (SD) | N (weighted %) or mean (SD) | N (weighted %) or mean (SD) | ||
| Age, years | 39.5 (13.4) | 39.2 (13.6) | 40.0 (13.0) | 0.003 |
| Women | 43421 (50.7) | 25016 (49.6) | 18405 (52.7) | 0.003 |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | |||
| NH White | 41555 (44.7) | 23425 (42.5) | 18130 (48.6) | |
| NH Black | 8859 (17.1) | 5126 (16.8) | 3733 (17.6) | |
| Hispanic | 11413 (27.5) | 7489 (30.4) | 3924 (22.3) | |
| NH Asian | 3460 (5.8) | 1960 (5.1) | 1500 (7.1) | |
| NH Other | 3624 (4.9) | 2173 (5.2) | 1451 (4.4) | |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| < HS Diploma | 3369 (14.9) | 2444 (18.2) | 925 (9.0) | |
| HS Diploma | 12310 (35.6) | 7379 (35.4) | 4931 (36.1) | |
| > HS Diploma | 53232 (49.5) | 30350 (46.4) | 22882 (54.9) | |
| Pre-pandemic annual household income | <0.001 | |||
| Less than $25,000 | 14142 (30.2) | 9285 (34.5) | 4857 (23.0) | |
| $25,000 - $34,999 | 8690 (16.1) | 4930 (16.4) | 3760 (15.8) | |
| $35,000 - $49,999 | 8753 (14.9) | 4733 (14.0) | 4020 (16.4) | |
| $50,000 - $74,999 | 10477 (16.4) | 5506 (14.7) | 4971 (19.2) | |
| $75,000 - $99,999 | 6598 (9.4) | 3434 (8.3) | 3164 (11.3) | |
| $100,000 - $149,999 | 6176 (8.0) | 3217 (7.3) | 2959 (9.3) | |
| $150,000 - $199,999 | 2286 (2.8) | 1238 (2.6) | 1048 (3.2) | |
| $200,000 and above | 1963 (2.1) | 1233 (2.3) | 730 (1.9) | |
| Married | 30703 (41.6) | 17993 (41.0) | 12710 (42.6) | 0.14 |
| Household Size | <0.001 | |||
| 1 | 8927 (5.0) | 4825 (4.5) | 4102 (5.9) | |
| 2 | 19268 (19.2) | 10649 (17.9) | 8619 (21.5) | |
| 3 | 14410 (20.6) | 8440 (20.0) | 5970 (21.7) | |
| 4 | 12957 (21.9) | 7809 (22.4) | 5148 (21.0) | |
| 5 | 7147 (15) | 4438 (15.6) | 2709 (14.0) | |
| 6 | 3307 (8.5) | 2090 (8.9) | 1217 (8.0) | |
| 7 | 1363 (3.8) | 894 (4.2) | 469 (3.0) | |
| 8 | 625 (1.9) | 421 (2.1) | 204 (1.5) | |
| 9 | 250 (0.9) | 169 (1.1) | 81 (0.7) | |
| 10 | 657 (3.1) | 438 (3.4) | 219 (2.8) | |
| Survey Period | 0.37 | |||
| June 11 – June 16, 2020 | 10130 (24.1) | 5855 (23.8) | 4275 (24.8) | |
| June 18 – June 23, 2020 | 13966 (16.3) | 8151 (16.4) | 5815 (16.1) | |
| June 25 – June 30, 2020 | 11969 (14.8) | 7077 (15.1) | 4892 (14.1) | |
| July 2 – July 7, 2020 | 10613 (14.6) | 6158 (14.6) | 4455 (14.6) | |
| July 9 – July 14, 2020 | 11452 (15.3) | 6673 (15.5) | 4779 (14.8) | |
| July 16 – July 21, 2020 | 10781 (15.0) | 6259 (14.6) | 4522 (15.6) | |
| Food Insufficiency | 13533 (25.1) | 9517 (28.9) | 4016 (18.5) | <0.001 |
| Missed Housing Payment | 10731 (26.7) | 7028 (31.3) | 3703 (19.3) | <0.001 |
| Lacking Confidence in Affording Food Next Month | 36158 (61.2) | 22257 (64.2) | 13901 (56.0) | <0.001 |
| Lacking Confidence in Affording Housing Next Month | 19773 (46.2) | 12458 (50.9) | 7315 (38.8) | <0.001 |
| Uninsured | 19463 (34.7) | 11926 (36.7) | 7537 (31.1) | <0.001 |
| Delay Healthcare | 31167 (44.9) | 18532 (44.9) | 12635 (44.8) | 0.89 |
| Delay Non-COVID Healthcare | 26694 (39.0) | 16143 (39.4) | 10551 (38.4) | 0.36 |
| PHQ2 Depression Score ≥ 3 | 25482 (42.3) | 15487 (43.9) | 9995 (39.5) | <0.001 |
| GAD2 Anxiety Score ≥ 3 | 32724 (50.6) | 19364 (51.7) | 13360 (48.8) | 0.01 |
Included participants are ones who 1) reported being in a household that experienced a loss of employment income on or after March 13, 2020, and 2) had no regular earned income source in the 7 days preceding the survey (defined as the kind of income a respondent had pre-pandemic), to meet their spending needs. Because participants could complete the survey for up to 3 weeks, this table presents results according to the first recorded survey response.
P values from weighted t-tests (age) or chi-squared tests (all other variables)
NH = non-Hispanic
HS = high school
COVID = Coronavirus Disease
PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire
GAD = Generalized Anxiety Disorder
For the PHQ2 and GAD2, scores range from 0 to 6 (more depressive or anxiety symptoms), and, in keeping with scoring recommendations, we used a cutpoint of ≥3 on both the PHQ2 and GAD2 to indicate potentially clinically significant symptoms