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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2021 Jul 7;144(8):589–599. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054432

Figure 1. Overview of the Virtual Native Enhancement (VNE) imaging technology.

Figure 1.

(A) Simplified illustration of HCMR scan protocol which includes native (pre-contrast) cine, T1-mapping (including native inversion recovery-weighted images), and conventional post-contrast late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). (B) VNE generator. Native CMR images are input to three steams of encoder-decoder U-Nets to extract feature maps, followed by a further neural network block to fuse all feature maps and derive a VNE image. Once trained, producing a VNE image takes less than one second.