TABLE 3.

Moral distress

	Frequency	Distress	Multiplied score
	M (SD)	M (SD)	M (SD)
Experiencing poor communication between members of the care team that adversely affects patient care	1.0 (0.9)	0.9 (0.9)	1.6 (1.9)
Being assigned an unsafe number of patients to care for at once considering the acuity level for each patient assigned to me	0.8 (0.9)	0.8 (1.0)	1.4 (2.1)
Being asked to provide and continue aggressive and potentially futile treatments when I believe it is not in the best interest of the patient	0.9 (1.0)	0.9 (1.0)	1.6 (2.4)
Lacking enough resources or bed capacity and therefore being required to ‘ration’ care (i.e. care is provided to some patients)	0.5 (0.9)	0.5 (0.9)	1.0 (2.0)
Using technology and documentation that burdens me and compromises patient care	0.5 (0.8)	0.4 (0.7)	0.7 (1.5)
Witnessing or experiencing uncivil behaviour among members of the care team	0.4 (0.7)	0.4 (0.8)	0.7 (1.5)
Caring for patients who must experience hospitalization without family presence	2.6 (0.9)	1.7 (0.9)	4.8 (2.8)
Caring for patients who die during a hospitalization without family and/or clergy present	1.4 (1.1)	1.5 (1.2)	3.2 (3.1)
Being assigned/floated to a new unit, requiring unfamiliar skills or procedures	1.0 (1.1)	0.8 (1.0)	1.7 (2.5)
Caring for COVID-19 patients that presents transmission risk to your family/household	2.2 (1.1)	1.9 (1.1)	5.1 (3.4)
Witnessing orders for unnecessary or inappropriate care that do not adequately address patient needs	0.7 (0.8)	0.6 (0.8)	1.0 (1.8)
Witnessing lack of respect among healthcare team for patients from vulnerable populations or minority groups	0.4 (0.7)	0.4 (0.8)	0.7 (1.7)
Providing care to patients who have not been adequately informed or included in decisions about their own care	0.7 (0.8)	0.6 (0.8)	1.0 (1.7)
COVID subscale, mean (SD)	1.8 (0.7)	1.9 (0.6)	3.7 (2.2)
Summary score, mean (SD)	1.0 (0.6)	0.9 (0.6)	1.9 (1.4)

Note: n varies from 306 to 307 due to missing data.