Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 6.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021 Nov 24;33(1):e13696. doi: 10.1111/pai.13696

Table 3 –

Association between asthma and hospitalization for COVID-19

Model 1 (N=1,252) Model 2 (N=857) Model 3 (N=1,252)
Asthma 3.95 (1.43-10.9) ** 4.87 (1.44-16.43) ** 3.33 (1.19-9.33) *
Age, years 0.88 (0.82-0.95) ** 0.91 (0.83-1.01) 0.91 (0.85-0.98) *
Male sex 0.55 (0.24-1.26) 0.42 (0.14-1.27) 0.49 (0.21-1.15)
Race:
- White
- Black
- Other/unknown

Ref.
3.00 (1.28-7.07)*
0.54 (0.07-4.23)

Ref.
1.41 (0.35-5.71)
2.69 (0.30-24.3)

Ref.
4.55 (1.87-11.1)*
0.51 (0.06-4.18)
Recent travel 1.39 (0.52-3.68) 2.79 (0.29-26.5) 1.34 (0.40-4.52)
Known exposure 0.27 (0.52-0.62) **
Low zip code income 2.54 (0.75-8.58)
BMI, percentile 1.01 (0.99-1.03)
Days from symptom onset to presentation 1.002 (0.99-1.01)
Initial symptoms:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Vomiting


1.90 (0.40-4.52)
3.15 (1.23-8.09)*
8.62 (3.15-23.6)**

Numbers shown are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for hospitalization. All models adjusted for age, sex, race, recent travel, and known exposure. Model 2 additionally adjusted for zip code’s median household income, BMI percentile, and the time interval (days) between symptom onset and presentation; these were not included in Model 1 because of greater missingness (~30% were missing BMI or time interval data, thus N=873). Model 3 additionally adjusted for non-asthma related symptoms that were significant in the unadjusted analysis (fever, fatigue, and vomiting; see Supplementary Table S1).

*

P<0.05,

**

P<0.01.