Table 2:
Hematologic changes during normal pregnancy.
| Coagulation factor | Change during pregnancy |
|---|---|
| Factor 1 (fibrinogen) | Increased (>50–200% above pre-pregnancy levels) [109] |
| Factor II (prothrombin) | Increased [109] |
| Factor III (tissue thromboplastin) | Increased [110, 111] |
| Factor IV (calcium ions) | No change [112, 113] |
| Factor V (labile factor) | No change |
| Factor VII (stable factor) | Increased (upto 1,000% above pre-pregnancy levels) [109] |
| Factor VIII (antihemophilic factor) | Increased (>100% above pre-pregnancy levels) |
| Factor IX (christmas factor) | Increased (>100% above pre-pregnancy levels) [109] |
| Factor X (Stuart–Prower factor) | Increased (>100% above pre-pregnancy levels) |
| Factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) | Variable |
| Factor XII (hageman factor) | Increased (>100% above pre-pregnancy levels) [109] |
| Factor XIII (fibrin stabilizing factor) | Decreased (upto 50% of non-pregnant levels at term) [114] |
| Von Willebrands factor, vWF | Increased (>100% above pre-pregnancy levels) |
| Anti-thrombin III | No change/slightly decreased (10–20%) [115] |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT | No change/slightly decreased |
| D-dimer | Increased (upto 400%) [116] |
| Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 | Increased |
| Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 | Increased |
| Protein C | No change [117] |
| Protein S | Decreased (upto 50%) [109, 117] |
| Prothrombin time, PT | No change |
| Platelets | Decreased by 10–20% [13] |