A-C. Jurkat cells (A), SKW6.4 cells (B) and THP-1 cells (C) were treated with LPS as indicated. Cell lysates were subjected to immunoblotting for PRMT4, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, and β-actin. The densitometric results were plotted in the lower panels. Independent experiments n=3. D, E. Primary mouse splenic lymphocytes (D) and human peripheral blood T cells (E) were treated with LPS as indicated. Cell lysates were analyzed by PRMT4, cleaved caspase 3 and β-actin immunoblotting. The plotted data were shown in the lower panels. Independent experiments n=3. F. The fecal material from mouse cecum was cultured in a LB plate overnight. Jurkat cells were treated with above gut-derived live bacteria for 2 h. Cell lysates were immunoblotting analyzed with PRMT4, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, and β-actin. The plotted data were shown in the lower panel. Independent experiments n=3. “*” denotes p=0.05-0.01, “**” denotes p=0.01-0.001, “***” denotes p=0.001-0.0001.