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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 15.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2021 Nov 10;3:100052. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2021.100052

Table 2:

Frequencies of Toileting Behaviors Domains by Age

Age Group
18-25
years old
26-44
years old
45-54
years old
55-64
years old
65-74
years old
75+ years
old
P-
Value
N 51 72 43 61 57 32
Place Preference
 Never/Rarely 2 (3.9) 1 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.6) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0)
 Sometimes 5 (9.8) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (3.3) 1 (1.8) 1 (3.1) 0.073
 Often/Always 44 (86.3) 70 (97.2) 42 (97.7) 58 (95.1) 54 (94.7) 30 (93.8)
 Missing 0 (0.0) 1 (1.4) 1 (2.3) 0 (0.0) 2 (3.5) 1 (3.1)
Premature Voiding
 Never/Rarely 16 (31.4) 23 (31.9) 16 (37.2) 15 (24.6) 18 (31.6) 11 (34.4)
 Sometimes 30 (58.8) 29 (40.3) 12 (27.9) 19 (31.1) 21 (36.8) 8 (25.0) 0.022
 Often/Always 5 (9.8) 20 (27.8) 15 (34.9) 25 (41.0) 18 (31.6) 11 (34.4)
 Missing 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 2 (6.2)
Delay Voiding
 Never/Rarely 1 (2.0) 13 (18.1) 8 (18.6) 10 (16.4) 5 (8.8) 6 (18.8)
 Sometimes 11 (21.6) 19 (26.4) 21 (48.8) 30 (49.2) 31 (54.4) 16 (50.0) <0.001
 Often/Always 39 (76.5) 38 (52.8) 13 (30.2) 19 (31.1) 21 (36.8) 7 (21.9)
 Missing 0 (0.0) 2 (2.8) 1 (2.3) 2 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 3 (9.4)
Straining
 Never/Rarely 19 (37.3) 34 (47.2) 22 (51.2) 30 (49.2) 26 (45.6) 18 (56.2)
 Sometimes 18 (35.3) 22 (30.6) 11 (25.6) 22 (36.1) 16 (28.1) 7 (21.9) 0.750
 Often/Always 14 (27.5) 15 (20.8) 10 (23.3) 9 (14.8) 15 (26.3) 7 (21.9)
 Missing 0 (0.0) 1 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0)
Home Position Preference
 Sitting 50 (98.0) 68 (94.4) 40 (93.0) 58 (95.1) 54 (94.7) 32 (100.0)
 Crouch/Squat/Stand 1 (2.0) 2 (2.8) 2 (4.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0.418
 Mixed 0 (0.0) 2 (2.8) 1 (2.3) 3 (4.9) 3 (5.3) 0 (0.0)
Away Position Preference
 Sitting 21 (41.2) 18 (25.0) 11 (25.6) 16 (26.2) 23 (40.4) 8 (25.0)
 Crouch/Squat/Stand 25 (49.0) 40 (55.6) 28 (65.1) 31 (50.8) 30 (52.6) 20 (62.5) 0.120
 Mixed 5 (9.8) 14 (19.4) 4 (9.3) 14 (23.0) 4 (7.0) 4 (12.5)

Note: Numbers reported as frequency (percentage). Domain scores are calculated as the highest response to the questions within a domain as shown in supplemental Tables. P-values are observed from a Chi-square test.