Table 1:
New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) Antibiotic Exposure Cohort (n = 183) |
NHBCS Antibiotic Frequency Cohort (n = 99) |
DIABIMMUNE Study (n = 33) |
|
---|---|---|---|
Antibiotic classification derivation | Combination of medical record review and parental recall | Medical record review | Parental recall |
Mean (SD) sample age in days | Baseline: 46 (15) 1 year: 371 (29) |
Baseline: 45 (16) 1 year: 376 (29) |
Baseline: 64 (15) 1 year: 366.6 (15) |
Female | 70 (38.3%) | 40 (40.4%) | 14 (42.4%) |
Vaginal delivery | 131 (71.6%) | 67 (67.7%) | 29 (87.9%) |
Mean (SD) days breastfeeding by sample collection | Baselinea: 43.0 (17.7) 1 year: 247 (133) |
Baselinea: 41.8 (18.9) 1 year: 238 (140) |
Baseline: 64 (15) 1 year: 281 (99) |
Attend day care by 1 year | Yes: 76 (41.5%) No: 91 (49.7%) Missing: 16 (8.7%) |
Yes: 38 (38.4%) No: 45 (45.5%) Missing: 16 (16.2%) |
N/A |
Full-term (at least 37 weeks’ gestation) | 171 (93.4%) | 91 (92.0%) | 31 (94.0%) |
Parity | 0: 89 (48.6%) 1: 62 (33.9%) 2+: 26 (14.2%) Missing: 6 (3.3%) |
0: 44 (44.4%) 1: 41 (41.4%) 2+: 13 (13.1%) Missing: 1 (1.0%) |
N/A |
Maternal education level | High school or equivalent: 16 (8.7%) Junior college, technical school, or some college: 26 (14.2%) College: 67 (36.6%) Post-graduate: 71 (38.8%) Missing: 3 (1.6%) |
High school or equivalent: 9 (9.1%) Junior college, technical school, or some college: 15 (15.2%) College: 38 (38.4%) Post-graduate: 36 (36.4%) Missing: 1 (1.0%) |
N/A |
Antibiotic exposure immediately following birth | 6 (3.3%) Missing: 3 (1.6%) |
3 (3.0%) | 1 (3.0%) |
Number of antibiotic prescriptions between 6 weeks and 1 year | N/A | For otitis media: 42 Not otitis mediab: 5 |
For otitis media: 36 Not otitis media: 0 |
Children with antibiotic exposure between 6 weeks and 1 year | For otitis media: 58 (31.7%) For any conditionc: 63 (34.4%) |
For otitis media: 27 (27.3%) For any condition: 29 (29.3%) |
For otitis media or any condition: 13 (39.4%) |
Number of antibiotics for otitis media given to child | N/A | 0: 72 1: 15 2+: 12 |
0: 20 1: 3 2+: 10 |
Number of antibiotics for any reason given to child between baseline and 1-year time point | N/A | 0: 70 1: 15 2+: 14 |
0: 20 1: 3 2+: 10 |
Number of prescriptions by antibiotic type between baseline and 1-year time point | N/A | Amoxicillin-type: 37 Cephalosporin-type: 8 Azithromycin: 2 |
Amoxicillin-type: 20 Cephalosporin-type: 7 Azithromycin: 5 Trimetoprime and sulfadiazine: 3 Unknown: 1 |
One infant included in both NHBCS sub-cohorts did not have available breastfeeding information at baseline
Other reasons included: upper respiratory infection (2), pneumonia (1), bronchitis (1), and reaction to pneumococcal vaccine (1)
Other reasons included: upper respiratory infection (2), eye infection (1), pneumonia (1), and strep throat (1)