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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 4.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022 Mar 21;79(4):199. doi: 10.1007/s00018-022-04223-3

Figure 2. GRASP KO increases HS synthesis but reduces its sulfation and secretion.

Figure 2.

(A) GRASP KO increases HS synthesis analyzed by LC-MS. Shown are the total amount of HS in both cells and medium of indicated cell lines. (B) GRASP KO increases HS synthesis analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy. Indicated cells were permeabilized and stained for HS with an HS antibody 10E4. Shown are microscopic images (left) and quantitation (right). (C) GRASP KO increases HS synthesis analyzed by flow cytometry. Indicated cells were permeabilized, stained for HS with an HS antibody and analyzed by flow cytometry. (D) GRASP KO decreases HS secretion. The percentage of secreted HS (HS in conditioned media/HS in both cell lysate and conditioned media) was analyzed by LC-MS. (E) GRASP KO reduces HS sulfation in the cell lysate. Shown are the percentage of each sulfated form of HS in cells. (F) GRASP KO reduces HS sulfation in the conditioned media. Shown are the percentage of each sulfated form of HS in the conditioned media.