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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 12.
Published in final edited form as: J Genet Couns. 2022 Aug 5;31(6):1383–1393. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1613

Table 3.

Willingness to participate and fear of discrimination.

Concern of Genetic Discrimination
B (95% CI)
Willingness to Participate I
B (95% CI)
Willingness to Participate II
Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Consent Scenario
Basic Disclosure ref ref -
Minimum Disclosure −0.17 (−0.44, 0.10) 0.34 (0.12, 0.57)** -
Comprehensive Disclosure 0.10 (−0.18, 0.37) −0.14 (−0.37, 0.09) -
Willingness I
Not Willing - - ref
No Preference - - 1.61 (0.79, 3.23)
Willing - - 2.23 (1.38, 3.62)***
Concern of Gen. Disc. - −0.11 (−0.16, −0.05)*** 1.12 (1.03, 1.23)**
Knowledge Metrics
Subj. GINA Knowledge 0.15 (0.08, 0.22)*** 0.19 (0.13, 0.24)*** 1.27 (1.15, 1.41)***
Obj. GINA Knowledge 0.00 (−0.14, 0.13) 0.23 (0.13, 0.24)*** 0.87 (0.71, 1.07)
Subj. Genetic Knowledge 0.01 (−0.12, 0.13) 0.39 (0.29, 0.49)*** 0.87 (0.72, 1.04)
Obj. Genetic Knowledge 0.22 (−0.19, 0.63) 0.39 (0.05, 0.73) 1.77 (0.98, 3.21)
Age −0.01 (−0.02, 0.00)* 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) 1.01 (1.00, 1.02)
Education 0.10 (−0.03, 0.23) 0.04 (−0.06, 0.15) 1.22 (1.01, 1.47)
Income −0.01 (−0.07, 0.04) 0.04 (−0.01, 0.08) 0.91 (0.84, 1.00)
Political Ideology −0.02 (−0.09, 0.05) −0.09 (−0.15, −0.03)** 0.97 (0.88, 1.07)
Religiosity 0.09 (0.03, 0.15)** 0.02 (−0.03, 0.07) 1.03 (0.95, 1.13)
Self-reported Health −0.06 (−0.18, 0.06) −0.02 (−0.12, 0.08) 0.86 (0.72, 1.02)
Gender
Male Ref ref ref
Female −0.12 (−0.37, 0.12) −0.15 (−0.35, 0.06) 0.89 (0.62, 1.27)
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White Ref ref ref
Non-Hispanic Black 0.43 (0.04, 0.83) 0.34 (0.01, 0.66) 0.83 (0.48, 1.46)
Hispanic 0.08 (−0.26, 0.41) 0.08 (−0.19, 0.36) 0.89 (0.56, 1.43)
Other race/ethnicity 0.28 (−0.17, 0.73) −0.27 (−0.64, 0.10) 1.41 (0.73, 2.72)
Constant 3.00 (2.00, 3.91)*** 2.44 (1.63, 3.24)*** 0.16 (0.04, 0.66)*

Notes. R2=0.10 R2=0.26 Pseudo R2=0.09

- indicates measure was not included in the model.

*

p < .025.

**

p < .01.

***

p < .001.