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Odds ratios indicating effect of being male on presence of disease or condition among the older population (age ≥ 50 years). Vertical line indicates equality for men and women. U.S. data come from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), England data come from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and other countries are from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) [21]
