Bar graphs depicting the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for 28-day mortality (Panel A) and cardiovascular events (Panel B) using four different models. Model 0 was unadjusted. Model 1 was adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and sex. Model 2 incorporated model 1 in addition to body mass index, smoking status, and history of pre-existing diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Model 3 included the modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Based on model 3, neither cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, nor congestive heart failure were associated with 28-day mortality or cardiovascular events.