Table 4:
Comparison of Responders′ and Nonresponders′ Baseline Immune Markers
| Cytometry Type and Marker | Complete Responders | Nonresponders | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Peripheral blood flow cytometry | |||
| No. of participants | 8 | 9 | |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.9) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | .04 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.2) | 1.8 (0.7, 4.6) | .04 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | 9.4 (3.5, 25.5) | 18.7 (6.4, 55.2) | .29 |
| IL-15 (pg/mL) | 1.8 (1.4, 2.3) | 1.9 (1.1, 3.2) | >.99 |
| Monocytes (%) | 10 (8, 14) | 29 (23, 36) | <.001 |
| Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (%) | 1 (1, 2) | 5 (3, 7) | <.001 |
| Tumor biopsy tissue flow cytometry | |||
| No. of participants | 5 | 7 | |
| CD8+ TIL (%) | 38 (25, 58) | 45 (35, 58) | .36 |
| CD4+ TIL (%) | 33 (25, 43) | 28 (17, 45) | .43 |
| PD-1 + CD8+ TIL (%) | 53 (43, 65) | 43 (29, 65) | .29 |
| PD-1 + CD4+ TIL (%) | 59 (47, 74) | 26 (16, 43) | .006 |
| Tim3+ CD8+ TIL (%) | 3 (1, 12) | 2 (1, 5) | .54 |
| Tim3+ CD4+ TIL (%) | 4 (2, 9) | 2 (1, 5) | .15 |
| CD8+/CD4+ regulatory T cell | 10.8 (3.3, 35.9) | 21.1 (10.1, 44.3) | .24 |
| CTLA4+ CD8+ TIL (%) | 2 (1, 5) | 1 (1, 2) | .53 |
| LAG3+ CD4+ TIL (%) | 18 (6, 56) | 13 (5, 35) | .59 |
| iCOS+ CD4+ TIL (%) | 9 (3, 32) | 4 (3, 6) | .17 |
| Tumor biopsy tissue: PD-1/PD-L1 IHC | |||
| No. of participants | 8 | 6 | |
| PD-1 staining (%)* | 2 (1–2) | 1 (0–1) | .046 |
| PD-L1 staining (%)* | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | .95 |
| Tumor biopsy tissue: other IHC | |||
| No. of participants | 6 | 5 | |
| CD4+ staining (%)* | 8 (5–14) | 2 (1–5) | .19 |
| CD8+ staining (%)* | 10 (4–10) | 2 (1–2) | .11 |
| CD14+ staining (%)* | 10 (6–18) | 25 (10–30) | .31 |
| LAG3+ staining (%)* | 1 (1–1) | 1 (0–1) | .48 |
Note.—Unless otherwise specified, data are geometric means, with 95% CIs in parentheses. Groups were compared on the natural logarithmic scale with use of Welch two-sample t tests. CTLA4 = cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4, IHC = immunohistochemistry, iCOS = inducible T cell costimulator, IL = interleukin, LAG3 = lymphocyte activation gene 3, PD-1 = programmed cell death protein 1, PD-L1 = programmed death ligand 1, TARE = transarterial radioembolization, TIL = tumor- infiltrating lymphocyte, Tim3 = T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3.
Due to the small number of available data, IHC staining data are summarized as medians with IQRs and were compared between groups with use of the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.