Table 3.
Socio-Demographic characteristics of the HIV-positive participants at baseline and linkage in care at 3 months of follow-up in uThukela district between December 2017 - August 2019 (N = 1,194)
| Variable | Total (N = 1,194) | Linked in care (LiC) (N = 987) | Not linked in care (nLiC) (N = 207) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
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| n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | F-value | p-value | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Nationality | 1,180 | 98.8 | 97.1–99.5 | 976 | 98.9 | 97.3–99.5 | 204 | 98.6 | 94.2–99.7 | 0.6 | 0.57 |
| South African citizen | 11 | 0.9 | 0.3–2.6 | 9 | 0.9 | 0.4–2.3 | 2 | 1.0 | 0.1–6.5 | ||
| Other SADC | 2 | 0.2 | 0.04–0.7 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.9 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1–4.0 | ||
| Other African | 1 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.7 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.9 | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| None | |||||||||||
| Facility type | 793 | 66.4 | 54.3–76.7 | 637 | 64.5 | 51.8–75.5 | 156 | 75.4 | 59.5–86.5 | 3.1 | 0.07 |
| Clinics | 229 | 19.2 | 13.4–26.7 | 190 | 19.3 | 13.1–27.3 | 39 | 18.8 | 9.5–33.8 | ||
| Gateway | 105 | 8.8 | 2.4–27.1 | 100 | 10.1 | 3.0–29.5 | 5 | 2.4 | 0.3–18.0 | ||
| Hospital | 67 | 5.6 | 3.2–9.7 | 60 | 6.1 | 3.3–11.0 | 7 | 3.4 | 2.0–5.6 | ||
| Mobile clinic | |||||||||||
| Sex | 343 | 28.7 | 25.9–31.7 | 292 | 29.6 | 26.9–32.4 | 51 | 24.6 | 20.1–29.8 | 5.9 | 0.03 |
| Male | 851 | 71.3 | 68.3–74.1 | 695 | 70.4 | 67.6–73.1 | 156 | 75.4 | 70.2–79.9 | ||
| Female | |||||||||||
| Ethnicity | 1,191 | 99.7 | 99.2–99.9 | 984 | 99.7 | 99.0–99.9 | 207 | 100 | - | 0.3 | 0.70 |
| Black African | 2 | 0.2 | 0.04–0.7 | 2 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.8 | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| Colored/Mixed ancestry | 1 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.7 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.01–0.9 | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| Indian/Asian | |||||||||||
| Education level | 21/1,177 | 1.8 | 1.0–3.3 | 18 | 1.8 | 1.1–3.2 | 3 | 1.5 | 0.3–7.4 | 0.6 | 0.59 |
| No education | 57/1,177 | 4.8 | 4.0–5.8 | 50 | 5.1 | 4.2–6.3 | 7 | 3.4 | 1.7–6.6 | ||
| Primary education | 665/1,177 | 56.5 | 50.1–62.7 | 552 | 56.7 | 49.7–63.5 | 113 | 55.4 | 49.1–61.6 | ||
| High school education | 434/1,177 | 36.9 | 30.1–44.2 | 353 | 36.3 | 29.2–44.0 | 81 | 39.7 | 32.0–48.0 | ||
| Tertiary education | |||||||||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 1,193 | 30 | 25–37 | 986 | 30 | 25.0–37.0 | 207 | 31 | 25–38 | 0.3* | 0.75 |
| Age categories | 269/1,193 | 22.5 | 19.3–26.2 | 220 | 22.3 | 18.7–26.4 | 49 | 23.7 | 19.6–28.3 | 0.4 | 0.76 |
| 18–24 years | 293/1,193 | 24.6 | 21.7–27.7 | 243 | 24.6 | 21.5–28.1 | 50 | 24.2 | 19.1–30.1 | ||
| 25–29 years | 251/1,193 | 21.0 | 18.7–23.6 | 210 | 21.3 | 18.6–24.3 | 41 | 19.8 | 17.0–23.0 | ||
| 30–34 years | 317/1,193 | 26.6 | 23.0–30.5 | 259 | 26.3 | 22.7–30.2 | 58 | 28.0 | 21.2–36.0 | ||
| 35–49 years | 63/1,193 | 5.3 | 4.2–6.7 | 54 | 5.5 | 4.2–7.1 | 9 | 4.3 | 2.4–7.6 | ||
| 50 + years | |||||||||||
| Marital status | 68/1,168 | 5.8 | 3.7–9.1 | 55 | 5.7 | 3.5–9.0 | 13 | 6.5 | 3.3–12.3 | 0.5 | 0.67 |
| Married (living together) | 29/1,168 | 2.5 | 1.4–4.3 | 25 | 2.6 | 1.6–4.2 | 4 | 2.0 | 0.5–7.7 | ||
| Married (living separately) | 178/1,168 | 15.2 | 11.1–20.6 | 150 | 15.5 | 11.0–21.4 | 28 | 14.0 | 8.1–23.2 | ||
| Cohabiting | 725/1,168 | 62.1 | 56.4–67.4 | 593 | 61.3 | 55.7–66.5 | 132 | 66.0 | 55.5–75.1 | ||
| Dating | 168/1,168 | 14.4 | 9.4–21.4 | 145 | 15.0 | 10.2–21.6 | 23 | 11.5 | 5.1–24.0 | ||
| Single | |||||||||||
| Access to US$14 in emergencies | 714/1,171 | 61.0 | 52.2–69.1 | 595 | 61.2 | 51.9–69.7 | 119 | 60.1 | 51.3–68.3 | 0.1 | 0.74 |
| Very/somewhat difficult | 457/1,171 | 39.0 | 30.9–47.9 | 378 | 38.8 | 30.3–48.2 | 79 | 39.9 | 31.7–48.7 | ||
| Fairly/very easy | |||||||||||
| Received child support grant | 527/1,169 | 45.1 | 42.1–48.1 | 438 | 45.2 | 41.6–48.9 | 89 | 44.5 | 36.0–53.3 | 0.02 | 0.89 |
p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant
p-values derived using Mann Whitney U-test for continuous data
p-values derived using Chi-squared test considered the one stage cluster design
proportions (%) for the columns reported as n/N (except if data is missing - denominator added in the n column) and the associated 95% CI
IQR – Interquartile range; CI – Confidence Interval; US$ – United States of American Dollar; LiC – Linked in Care; nLiC – Not linked in care
*
z value reported