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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 5.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2022 Aug 1;53(11):5167–5176. doi: 10.1017/S0033291722002185

Table 4.

Results from the between-person, exploratory MLMs examining the effects of hair cortisol concentration (HCC) and covariates on average levels of emotional eating.

Full HCC sample (N = 234)

β (SD) t (df) p-value

Intercept -0.02 (0.06) -0.35 (126.16) .73
HCC -0.14 (0.05) -2.70 (203.34) .007
Avg. negative affect 0.59 (0.07) 8.81 (93.28) <.001
Avg. BMI 0.03 (0.05) 0.48 (179.02) .64
Age 0.03 (0.07) 0.37 (135.70) .71
Avg. hours of sleep/night 0.01 (0.05) 0.10 (204.55) .92
Income 0.03 (0.06) 0.47 (128.11) .64

Subsample of women without confounding factors for HCC (N = 220)

β (SD) t (df) p-value

Intercept -0.02 (0.06) -0.38 (120.50) .70
HCC -0.16 (0.05) -2.97(179.83) .003
Avg. negative affect 0.59 (0.07) 8.49 (81.79) <.001
Avg. BMI 0.01 (0.06) 0.18 (28.75) .86
Age <0.01 (0.07) 0.11 (128.72) .91
Avg. hours of sleep/night <0.01 (0.05) 0.07 (177.99) .95
Income 0.03 (0.06) 0.51 (119.39) .61

Note: MLM = multilevel model; avg. = average; BMI = body mass index; HCC = hair cortisol concentration. All daily variables were averaged across the 49 days of data collection, and BMI was averaged across the 3 study assessments. Betas represent standardized effects. Effects significant at p <.01 are bolded.