Table 3.

Predictors of Sub-optimal Re-triage in California from 2009 to 2018

Variable	Level	Odds Ratio	p-value
Age, years (vs. 18–24)
	25–34	1.17 (0.72 – 1.90)	0.5
	35–44	0.99 (0.61 – 1.59)	1
	45–54	0.75 (0.48 – 1.18)	0.2
	55–64	1.11 (0.73 – 1.68)	0.7
	65–74	1.38 (0.89 – 2.13)	0.1
	75–84	1.63 (1.06 – 2.53)	0.03*
	≥85	1.77 (1.13 – 2.76)	0.01*
Sex (vs. Male)
	Female	1.35 (1.17 – 1.57)	<0.001***
Race (vs. White)
	Black	0.85 (0.60 – 1.23)	0.4
	Asian	0.92 (0.69 – 1.23)	0.6
	Other	0.80 (0.62 – 1.04)	0.1
Ethnicity (vs. Non-Hispanic)
	Hispanic	0.95 (0.76 – 1.20)	0.7
Insurance (vs. Self-pay)
	Private	2.32 (1.48 – 3.62)	<0.001***
	Medicare	2.27 (1.54 – 3.36)	<0.001***
	Medicaid	1.05 (0.70 – 1.60)	0.8
	Managed Care Unspecified	4.09 (2.78 – 6.00)	<0.001***
	Other	1.09 (0.62 – 1.93)	0.8
Injury mechanism (vs. All transport)
	Fall	1.98 (1.51 – 2.60)	<0.001***
	Struck by or against	2.41 (1.63 – 3.58)	<0.001***
	Other	1.98 (1.46 – 2.68)	<0.001***
Body part affected (vs. Torso)
	Traumatic brain injury	2.09 (1.39 – 3.15)	<0.001***
	Other head, face, and neck	0.95 (0.50 – 1.82)	0.9
	Upper/Lower extremities	7.72 (4.26 – 13.98)	<0.001***
	Other	0.93 (0.48 – 1.78)	0.8
Injury Severity Score (vs. 16–25)
	>25	0.66 (0.43 – 1.01)	0.06
Regional Trauma Coordinating Committee (vs. Central)
	North	1.35 (0.46 – 3.92)	0.6
	Bay Area	7.11 (2.43 – 20.81)	<0.001***
	South-East	2.54 (0.85 – 7.61)	0.09
	South-West	25.51 (9.42 – 69.14)	<0.001***

^*P values and Confidence Intervals generated from a generalized linear mixed-effects (GLMM) regression modeling the probability of sub-optimal re-triage was used to quantify the association with RTCC of the sending center while controlling for a priori determined fixed-effect predictor variables including age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, RISS, injury mechanism, and random effects to control for clustering by sending center and year