Extended Data Tab. 5.

Refinement statistics for chitobiose-bound datasets.^*

Dataset	Chito laser off	Light		Dark1		Dark2
		Chito 20ns	Chito 200us	Chito 20ns	Chito 200us	Chito 20ns	Chito 200us
PDB ID	8CWB	8CWC	8CWF	8CWD	8CWG	8CWE	8CWH
Resolution Range	30.74–1.51 (1.54–1.51)	30.74–1.48 (1.51–1.48)	30.74–1.50 (1.53–1.50)	30.74–1.48 (1.51–1.48)	30.74–1.50 (1.53–1.50)	30.74–1.48 (1.51–1.48)	30.74–1.50 (1.53–1.50)
Reflections used in refinement	18138 (1754)	19245 (1873)	18499 (1825)	19245 (1873)	18499 (1825)	19245 (1873)	18499 (1825)
Reflections used for R-free	930 (97)	984 (103)	950 (99)	984 (103)	950 (99)	984 (103)	950 (99)
R-work	0.1357 (0.1329)	0.1316 (0.1246)	0.1332 (0.1105)	0.1306 (0.1147)	0.1292 (0.1066)	0.1298 (0.1137)	0.1321 (0.1051)
R-free	0.1679 (0.2134)	0.1683 (0.2273)	0.1660 (0.2130)	0.1633 (0.2039)	0.1663 (0.2210)	0.1632 (0.2090)	0.1679 (0.1996)
No. of non-H atoms	1157	1155	1153	1162	1160	1161	1166
macromolecules	1030	1030	1030	1030	1030	1030	1030
ligands	64	64	64	64	64	64	64
solvent	91	89	87	96	94	95	100
Protein residues	129	129	129	129	129	129	129
RMS (bonds)	0.018	0.016	0.019	0.018	0.018	0.019	0.020
RMS (angles)	1.21	1.19	1.20	1.19	1.17	1.23	1.21
Ramachandran favored (%)	99.21	99.21	99.21	99.21	99.21	99.21	99.21
Ramachandran allowed (%)	0.79	0.79	0.79	0.79	0.79	0.79	0.79
Ramachandran outliers (%)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Rotamer outliers (%)	0.00	0.00	0.92	0.92	0.92	0.00	0.92
Clashscore	3.87	5.80	5.32	3.87	5.80	3.38	5.80
Average B-factor	19.58	21.08	20.97	19.42	20.67	19.57	20.39
macromolecules	18.53	19.98	19.87	18.19	19.59	18.30	19.05
ligands	22.63	26.70	26.06	24.83	24.94	25.34	25.04
solvent	30.23	31.55	31.91	30.55	30.90	31.21	32.55

^*Statistics for the highest-resolution shell are shown in parentheses.