Fig. 4. Tumor inhibition in hCTLA-4 mice.

a–c Tumor inhibition. D11, A9, and ipilimumab inhibited tumors in established syngeneic mouse models expressing transgenic hCTLA-4 protein. Treatments (n = 5 for D11, n = 5 for A9, n = 5 for ipilimumab, and n = 3 for the phosphate-buffered saline vehicle) were started after the tumors were established, and the tumor volumes reached approximately 100 mm³. d Mouse body weights after the initiation of treatment. The respective treatments did not lead to significant weight loss. e Cardiac troponin type III (TNNI3) toxicity was not observed in mice treated with the compounds alone. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. hCTLA-4 humanized CTLA-4, PD-1 programmed cell death protein-1.