Table 2.

Comparing the Naming Schemes of Select Current Studies

Study	Material	Actuation movement	Actuation stimuli	Application	Novel aspect	Journal	Impact factor (2 years)
Soft Material for Soft Actuators52	Phase-change fluid, silicone elastomer	Expansion, contraction	Joule heating	Artificial muscle	Working principle (phase-change)	Nature Communications	16.6
NiTi Soft Robotics115	Nitinol	Contraction	Shape memory	Artificial muscle fiber	Micro	IROS	2.45
Block Copolymer Muscles26	ABA triblock copolymer	Contraction, rotation	Flat iron, hydration	Artificial muscle fiber	Hydro and heat activated (micro)	Nature Nanotechnology	38.3
Thermo-Activated Micro-Actuator54	Galinstan	Expansion	Joule heating	Tactile display	Micro	Microelectronic Engineering	2.3
HaPouch Display32	Nylon film, phase-change fluid	Inflation	Peltier	Haptic display	Haptics	IEEE Access	3.9
Tri-Layer ElectroThermal Actuators23	Carbon nanotubes, kapton, polycaprolacton	Bending	Joule heating	Soft robots	Out-of-plane structures	Soft Robotics	7.9
Magnetic Pneumatic Muscles36	Balloon, phase-change fluid	Expansion	Induction	Artificial muscle	Untethered pneumatics	Science Robotics	25.0
Bioinspired Phase Change Actuators34	Silicone	Expansion	Peltier	Soft gripper, soft robots	Untethered, pumpless	Chemical Engineering Journal	15.1
LC Elastomer106	Liquid crystal elastomer	Bending	Peltier	Soft robots	Energy harvesting, active cooling	Advanced Materials	29.4
Fishing Line Muscles73	Fishing line, sewing thread	Contraction	Joule heating	Artificial muscles	—	Science	56.9

Rows are highlighted with what attribute is clearly stated in the title. Color key is shown for all combinations, even if not all are represented in the table.

▀ Working Principle

▀ Material

▀ Application

▀ Working Principle + Material

▀ Working Principle + Application

▀ Material + Application

▀ Working Principle + Material + Application

LC, liquid crystal.