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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 3.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2024 Apr 3;629(8010):136–145. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07278-3

Fig. 6 |. Centromeres evolve with different evolutionary trajectories and mutation rates.

Fig. 6 |

a,b, Phylogenetic trees of human, chimpanzee, orangutan and macaque α-satellites from the higher-order and monomeric (mon.) α-satellite regions of the chromosome 5 (a) and X (b) centromeres, respectively. c,d, The mutation rate of the chromosome 5 (c) and X (d) centromeric regions, respectively. Individual data points from 10 kb pairwise sequence alignments are shown. Note that the regions corresponding to the active α-satellite HORs have only approximate mutation rates based on human–human comparisons. Owing to unequal rates of mutation and the emergence of new α-satellite HORs, interspecies comparisons are not possible in these regions. HSat3, human satellite 3.