Table 2. Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart Failure According to Frequency of Acute Symptoms.
| Characteristic |
Five Most Commonly Reported Symptoms | All Symptoms Examined | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Few acute symptoms* (n=1,836) |
Multiple acute symptoms (n=2,701) |
p value |
Few acute symptoms† (n=2,028) |
Multiple acute symptoms (n=2,509) |
p value |
|
| Age (mean, yrs) | 77.4 | 75.1 | <.001 | 76.7 | 75.6 | <.005 |
| Male (%) | 39.7 | 45.5 | <.001 | 41.9 | 44.2 | 0.13 |
| Caucasian (%) | 95.0 | 93.6 | 0.43 | 94.6 | 93.8 | 0.53 |
| Body mass index (%) | ||||||
| 25-29.9 | 27.0 | 27.1 | <.001 | 26.7 | 27.3 | <.001 |
| ≥30 | 20.1 | 32.7 | 24.5 | 30.3 | ||
| Co-morbid condition count (%) | ||||||
| 0-2 | 26.9 | 22.0 | 25.6 | 22.6 | ||
| 3-5 | 57.4 | 58.9 | <.001 | 57.4 | 59.0 | <0.05 |
| ≥6 | 15.7 | 19.1 | 17.0 | 18.4 | ||
| Hospital admission findings (mean) | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 142.8 | 145.9 | <.05 | 144.8 | 144.5 | 0.70 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.7 | 77.5 | <.01 | 76.9 | 76.7 | 0.68 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 91.0 | 90.5 | 0.48 | 91.1 | 90.4 | 0.34 |
| Laboratory measures (mean, mg/dl) | ||||||
| Blood urea nitrogen | 36.0 | 33.3 | <.005 | 34.2 | 34.6 | 0.62 |
| Creatinine | 1.7 | 1.6 | <.005 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.59 |
| Sodium | 137.4 | 137.2 | 0.18 | 137.4 | 137.1 | 0.13 |
*
≤2 vs. ≥3 of the 5 most commonly reported acute symptoms
†
≤3 vs ≥4 of the 14 total acute symptoms examined