Table 3. Factors Associated with Multiple Heart Failure Related Symptoms.
| Characteristic∞ |
Five Most Commonly Reported Symptoms* | All Symptoms Examined† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted O.R. |
95% C.I. |
Adjusted O.R. |
95% C.I. |
|
| Age (yrs) | ||||
| 65-74 | 1.25 | 1.01,1.54 | 1.23 | 1.01,1.51 |
| 75-84 | 1.33 | 1.09,1.62 | 1.16 | 0.96,1.39 |
| ≥85 | 1.38 | 1.11,1.71 | 1.20 | 0.98,1.47 |
| Male | 0.76 | 0.67,0.86 | -- | -- |
| Length of hospital stay (≤4 or 5 days) | 0.83 | 0.73,0.94 | -- | -- |
| Body mass index | ||||
| 25-29.9 | 0.79 | 0.68,0.92 | 0.78 | 0.67,0.90 |
| ≥30 | 0.50 | 0.42,0.58 | 0.66 | 0.56,0.77 |
| Co-morbid condition count (%) | ||||
| 3-5 | 0.77 | 0.66,0.89 | 0.86 | 0.74,0.99 |
| ≥6 | 0.64 | 0.51,0.77 | 0.83 | 0.69,1.00 |
| Hospital admission findings | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| 120-139 | 0.96 | 0.80,1.16 | ||
| 140-159 | 0.90 | 0.74,1.09 | ||
| ≥160 | 0.81 | 0.66,0.99 | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| 60-79 | 0.80 | 0.67,0.96 | ||
| 80-99 | 0.86 | 0.71,1.05 | ||
| ≥100 | 0.94 | 0.72,1.22 | ||
| BUN (mg/dl) | ||||
| 30-39 | 0.95 | 0.78,1.15 | ||
| 40-49 | 0.86 | 0.68,1.10 | ||
| ≥50 (ml/min/1.73m2) | 1.04 | 0.84,1.30 | ||
| eGFR | ||||
| 30-59 | 0.80 | 0.65,0.98 | ||
| ≥60 | 0.68 | 0.54,0.85 | ||
*
2 or fewer of the 5 most commonly reported acute symptoms
†
3 or fewer of the 14 total acute signs and symptoms examined
∞
reference groups: age <65 years, female, length of hospital stay >5 days, body mass index <25, 0-2 co-morbid conditions, systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure <60 mmHg, BUN <30 mg/dl, eGFR <30 (ml/min/1.73m2).
O.R. = odds ratio
C.I. = confidence interval