Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cardiol. 2010 Jun;33(6):E73–E80. doi: 10.1002/clc.20627
Major Minor

  • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

  • Neck vein distention

  • Rales

  • Pleural effusion by chest x-ray consistent with cardiomegaly

  • Acute pulmonary edema

  • S3 gallop

  • Increased venous pressure (>16 cm H20)

  • Positive hepatojugular reflex

  • Bilateral ankle edema

  • Nocturnal cough

  • Dyspnea on exertion

  • Hepatomegaly

  • Tachycardias 120 beats per minute

  • Pulmonary vascular engorgement by chest x-ray
Major or Minor

  • Weight loss >4.5 kg (10 lbs) over 5 days of treatment