Dopamine concentrations (mean ±SEM) were measured in mice brains. In the first graph, animals not treated (unlesioned) with MPTP (n=5) are shown in the left column with baseline levels. In the middle column, MPTP lesioned mice showed an expected decrease in dopamine concentrations when given sham operations with PBS (n=8). In the right column, MPTP lesioned mice demonstrated rescued dopamine concentrations when treated with HEDSC transplantation (n=14), p<0.0001. A similar therapeutic effect of HEDSC is seen in the bottom graph by measuring the dopamine metabolite DOPAC concentrations in mice striatum, p=0.008.