TABLE 1.
Baseline Participant Characteristics by Baseline Smoking Status: Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy Clinical Trial, 2002–2006
| Never Smokers (n = 1899) | Former Smokers (n = 1358) | Current Smokers (n = 2215) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment arm, episodic ART, % | 48.9 | 49.3 | 50.7 | .47 |
| Age, y, median | 42 | 46 | 43 | <.001 |
| Female, % | 36.1 | 21.4 | 23.0 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity, % | <.001 | |||
| Latino | 26.1 | 24.0 | 19.5 | |
| Black | 26.7 | 25.9 | 28.7 | |
| White | 36.1 | 46.3 | 48.3 | |
| Other | 11.1 | 3.8 | 3.5 | |
| Region, % | <.001 | |||
| North America | 48.6 | 63.0 | 59.3 | |
| South America | 13.2 | 10.0 | 7.3 | |
| Europe | 25.7 | 21.3 | 28.2 | |
| Australia/New Zealand | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.2 | |
| Asia/Africa | 9.5 | 2.2 | 2.0 | |
| History of injection drug use, % | 2.5 | 9.7 | 15.9 | <.001 |
| History of alcohol abuse, % | 3.2 | 12.6 | 17.0 | <.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, median | 25.4 | 25.5 | 24.2 | <.001 |
| HIV RNA ≤400, % | 76.9 | 73.3 | 66.2 | <.001 |
| CD4+ cells/mm3, median | 589 | 594 | 606 | .005 |
| CD4+ nadir cells/mm3, median | 246 | 245 | 260 | .002 |
| Previous AIDS disease, % | 21.9 | 25.3 | 25.5 | .02 |
| Diabetes, % | 6.9 | 9.1 | 5.9 | .001 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs, % | 14.1 | 22.2 | 13.4 | <.001 |
| Blood pressure–lowering drugs, % | 16.6 | 24.2 | 17.1 | <.001 |
| Hepatitis B, % | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.9 | .17 |
| Hepatitis C, % | 6.1 | 15.1 | 22.2 | <.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL, median | 112 | 113 | 110 | .02 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL, median | 42 | 40 | 40 | .004 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL, median | 155 | 179 | 159 | <.001 |
Note. ART = antiretroviral therapy; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein.