Table 1.
Diet composition and fatty acid profile of diets
| Diets | Medium fat diets (35 en% fat) | High fat diets (60 en% fat) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| 1en% LA | 8en% LA | 8en% LA + 1en% EPA/DHA | 1en% LA | 8en% LA | 8en% LA + 1en% EPA/DHA | |
| Oils | g/kg | |||||
| HLA-Saffl | 0 | 43 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| HO-Saffl | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 18 |
| HCOC | 108 | 70 | 61 | 280 | 228 | 219 |
| HO-Sunfl | 50 | 42 | 42 | 60 | 7 | 25 |
| Soybean oil | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 74 | 77 |
| Flaxseed oil | 9 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
| Fish oil concentrate | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| Total oil added (g/kg) | 167 | 167 | 167 | 350 | 350 | 350 |
|
| ||||||
| Energy (% of energy) derived from: | ||||||
| Fat | 35 | 35 | 35 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Carbohydrate | 45 | 45 | 45 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Protein | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
|
| ||||||
| Fatty acid profile of diets (% of energy) | ||||||
| Sum SFA | 25 | 18 | 16 | 51 | 44 | 42 |
| Sum MUFA | 8 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| 18:2n-6 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Sum n-6 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 8 |
| 18:3n-3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 20:5n-3 | - | - | 0.6 | - | - | 0.6 |
| 22:6n-3 | - | - | 0.36 | - | - | 0.34 |
| Sum n-3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Total n-6/n-3 ratio | 1 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 4 |
| Estimated % n-6 HUFA1 | 42 | 72 | 41 | 42 | 72 | 41 |
| Estimated Omega-3 Index2 | 15 | 5.5 | 16 | 15 | 4.5 | 16 |
Diets were designed to isolate LA as a controlled variable via isocaloric replacement of saturated fats (SFA).
1
Estimated % n-6 HUFA was calculated from the Lands equation [8], and
2
estimated omega-3 index (omega-3 HUFA*0.32)-3.5 based on Harris 58].
Abbreviations: HLA-Saffl: high linoleic safflower oil, HO-Saffl: high oleic safflower oil, HCOC: hydrogenated coconut oil, HOSunfl: high oleic sunflower oil, SFA; saturated fatty acids, MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids, HUFA; highly unsaturated fatty acids.