CXCL13 signalling through its cognate receptor, CXCR5, elicits Akt and ERK1/2 activation. In LNCaP cells, CXCL13 also regulates JNK activation presumably via Gαq/11 coupled to CXCR5, which potentially mediates phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) activation. In PC3 cells, however, JNK activation is mediated through DOCK2, a differentially expressed protein that acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor to activate Rac isoforms and contributes to cell proliferation.