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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 16.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosci. 2013 Jan 16;33(3):1050–1061. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1704-12.2013

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Neurite outgrowth in co-cultures is downregulated by estrogen and rescued by exogenous BMP4. A. Smooth muscle cells (unstained) were grown for 72 hours, on which dissociated sensory neurons (green) were cultured for 48h (bar = 50 µm in A-C). B. When smooth muscle cells were grown in the presence of 2×10−8 M 17β estradiol, neurite outgrowth appeared to be reduced. C. Addition of 10 ng/ml recombinant BMP4 appeared to increase numbers of neurites. D. Quantitative analysis showed that neurite outgrowth per neuron was reduced by estrogen (E2) pretreatment (*P= 0.001 vs. Control), and the decrease was abrogated by BMP4 (#P=0.004 vs. E2). There was no significant difference between Control and E2+BMP4.