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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Innate Immun. 2012 Sep 14;5(2):124–136. doi: 10.1159/000342430

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

F. tularensis LVS infects human neutrophils and impairs their spontaneous apoptosis. Neutrophils from four independent donors were infected on different days with LVS for 3–48 h at 37°C in serum-free media. A, Representative confocal images of infected PMNs at 24 h. Bacteria are shown in red and PMNs were detected using differential interference contrast optics and DAPI-staining of nuclear DNA (blue). B, Quantitation of infection efficiency. Graphs show the percentage of infected PMNs and bacterial load per infected cell. Pooled data are the mean ± SEM (n=4). C, Apoptosis was assessed at the indicated time points using Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry. Pooled data are the mean ± SEM (n=4). ***P < 0.001 for control versus LVS-infected PMNs.