Table 2.
Variable | Cases N =476 (%) | Controls N= 879 (%) | Univariable OR (95% CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
HCV | ||||
Anti-HCV − | 469 (98.5) | 870 (99) | 1 (reference) | |
Anti-HCV + | 7 (1.5) | 9 (1) | 1.4 (.5–3.9) | .9 (.3–2.8) |
HBV | ||||
HBsAg-/Anti-HBc− * | 438 (92) | 844 (96) | 1 (reference) | |
HBsAg+/Anti-HBc+ † | 0 | 1 (.1) | ———— | |
HBsAg−/Anti-HBc + ‡ | 36 (7.6) | 27 (3.1) | 2.5 (1.5–4.1) | 2.5 (1.5–4.2) |
Anti-HBc+/Anti-HBs+§ | 24 (5) | 20 (2.3) | 2.3 (1.3–4.3) | 2.3 (1.2–4.3) |
Anti-HBc+/Anti-HBs− ¶ | 12 (2.5) | 6 (.7) | 3.9 (1.4–10.4) | 4 (1.4–11.1) |
Diabetes | ||||
No | 368 (77.3) | 792 (90.1) | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 108 (23.7) | 87 (9.9) | 2.7 (1.9–3.6) | 2.9 (2.1–4) |
Cigarette smoking | ||||
No | 201 (42.2) | 451 (51.3) | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 275 (57.8) | 428 (48.7) | 1.4 (1.2–1.8) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) |
Alcohol drinking | ||||
No | 198 (41.6) | 384 (43.7) | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 278 (58.8) | 495 (56.3) | 1.1 (.9–1.4) | 1 (.8–1.3) |
Family history of cancer | ||||
No | 102 (21.4) | 279 (31.7) | 1 (reference) | |
Yes | 374 (78.6) | 600 (68.3) | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) |
Abbreviations: +, positive; −, negative; anti-HBc, anti-hepatitis B core antigen; anti-HBs, anti-hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCV, hepatitis C virus.
Never exposed;
Chronic carrier of HBV;
Past exposure to HBV;
Past exposure to HBV with natural immunity;
Possible chronically infected and have an undetectable level of HBsAg present in the serum.