Figure 3. Effect of BCG on innate immune cytokines.
(A–F) PBMCs isolated from eighteen volunteers before and after (2 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year) vaccination were stimulated in vitro with sonicated M. tuberculosis (A), heat-killed C. albicans yeast, (B), and LPS (C,D). TNFα (A–C) and IL-1β (D) production was assessed by ELISA in the supernatants. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.