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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008 May 7;295(1):R343–R354. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00115.2008

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Bicuculline (BIC) into the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) excites tail cutaneous vasoconstrictor (CVC) neurons. A: nanoinjection of BIC into the DMH (arrow) evoked a simultaneous increase in brown adipose tissue (BAT) sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and in the discharge of a tail CVC neuron (see oscillographic trace of CVC neuron action potentials during the 1 min surrounding the BIC nanoinjection). Vertical scale: 250 μv for BAT SNA, 20 μv for neuronal action potentials. B: time course of the mean ± SE (n = 10 CVC neurons) CVC neuronal activity in response to BIC into the DMH. * indicates significantly (P < 0.05) greater discharge frequency than control (open cross-hatched bar).