Table 2.
nAChR and 5-HT markers in the occipital lobe of the cerebral hemisphere in the fetal baboon model of prenatal nicotine exposure.
| Measure | Control Mean of Means ± SEM (range) (n=5) |
Nicotine-exposed Mean of Means ± SEM (range) (n=5) |
FDR corrected p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| α2-4, β2 or β4 nAChR Binding (fmol/mg) | |||
| Primary visual cortex (BA 17): total |
7.26 ± 1.22 (4.0, 10.8) |
13.81 ± 0.94 (11.3, 16.1) |
0.04* |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 18): total |
7.99 ± 1.25 (4.3, 12.1) |
15.01 ± 1.14 (11.2, 17.6) |
0.04* |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 19): total |
6.09 ± 1.83 (2.3, 10.7) |
11.72 ± 2.32 (4.5, 17.9) |
0.28 |
| α7 nAChR Binding (fmol/mg) | |||
| Primary visual cortex (BA 17): total |
1.85 ± 0.43 (0.4, 2.8) |
2.66 ± 0.84 (0, 4.5) |
0.50 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 18): total |
1.99 ± 0.70 (0, 4.0) |
3.19 ± 0.90 (0.8, 5.6) |
0.43 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 19): total |
2.23 ± 0.65 (0.3, 3.8) |
3.55 ± 0.78 (1.6, 5.9) |
0.40 |
| 5-HT1A Receptor Binding (fmol/mg) | |||
| Primary visual cortex (BA 17): total |
43.38 ± 8.60 (11.6, 59.6) |
39.94 ± 4.72 (28.5, 49.8) |
0.73 |
| B A 17 layers I-II | 30.07 ± 4.24 (16.1, 40.0) |
30.31 ± 9.43 (0.6, 55.0) |
0.99 |
| BA 17 layer III | 50.11 ± 5.16 (33.2, 61.7) |
46.93 ± 8.39 (15.3, 60.1) |
0.99W |
| BA 17 layer IV | 29.71 ± 3.02 (21.3, 36.4) |
34.73 ± 6.26 (10.5, 45.7) |
0.99 |
| BA 17 layer V | 48.08 ± 5.64 (33.5, 60.2) |
55.36 ± 8.89 (25.2, 73.4) |
0.99 |
| BA 17 layer VI | 82.06 ± 9.55 (55.8, 105.8) |
88.50 ± 12.99 (44.6, 112.2) |
0.99 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 18): total |
13.23 ± 2.78 (3.8, 20.4) |
10.30 ± 3.19 (5.7, 22.7) |
0.60 |
| BA 18 layers I-II | 12.43 ± 2.15 (5.0, 17.5) |
11.92 ± 2.35 (3.6, 17.3) |
0.99 |
| BA 18 layers III-IV | 7.63 ± 1.41 (3.4, 11.7) |
8.79 ± 1.60 (3.0, 12.2) |
0.99 |
| BA 18 layers V-IV | 17.11 ± 2.23 (11.5, 21.8) |
18.22 ±2.95 (8.0, 25.2) |
0.99 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 19): total |
37.15 ± 8.44 (13.1, 50.4) |
32.31 ± 4.32 (19.8, 41.9) |
0.65 |
| BA 19 layers I-II | 22.69 ± 3.18 (13.2, 26.9) |
22.04 ± 6.03 (5.0, 30.8) |
0.99 |
| BA 19 layer III | 36.69 ± 4.11 (25.3, 44.7) |
38.19 ± 8.86 (12.4, 51.4) |
0.99 |
| BA 19 layer IV | 22.60 ± 3.19 (14.0, 29.3) |
22.13 ± 5.56 (5.6, 28.8) |
0.99W |
| BA 19 layer V | 41.29 ± 4.89 (28.6, 49.4) |
46.19 ± 8.94 (20.3, 58.4) |
0.99 |
| BA 19 layer VI | 86.88 ± 6.04 (69.0, 94.5) |
82.38 ± 17.68 (34.6, 117.4) |
0.99 |
| 5-HT2A Receptor Binding (fmol/mg) | |||
| Primary visual cortex (BA 17): total |
0.92 ± 0.12 (0.6, 1.2) |
1.43 ± 0.20 (1.0, 2.0) |
0.24 |
| BA 17 layers I-III | 0.75 ± 0.14 (0.5, 1.2) |
1.42 ± 0.23 (1.0, 2.2) |
0.46 |
| BA 17 layers IV-VI | 0.90 ± 0.10 (0.7, 1.3) |
1.51 ± 0.20 (1.1, 2.2) |
0.46 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 18): total |
0.70 ± 0.13 (0.4, 1.2) |
1.22 ± 0.22 (0.7, 1.9) |
0.25 |
| B18 layers I-III | 0.78 ± 0.18 (0.4, 1.4) |
1.28 ± 0.17 (0.9, 1.8) |
0.46 |
| B18 layers IV-VI | 0.71 ± 0.10 (0.6, 1.1) |
1.08 ± 0.15 (0.8, 1.5) |
0.46 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 19): total |
0.48 ± 0.04 (0.4, 0.6) |
0.88 ± 0.22 (0.3, 1.4) |
0.42W |
| BA19 layers I-III | 0.48 ± 0.06 (0.4, 0.7) |
0.98 ± 0.26 (0.3, 1.5) |
0.99W |
| BA 19 layers IV-VI | 0.60 ± 0.07 (0.4, 0.8) |
0.97 ± 0.23 (0.3, 1.5) |
0.62 |
| 5-HTT (fmol/mg) | |||
| Primary visual cortex (BA 17): total |
3.36 ± 0.68 (1.4, 5.2) |
4.31 ± 0.33 (3.8, 5.5) |
0.40 |
| B17 layers I-IV | 3.02 ± 0.72 (0.9, 5.2) |
3.99 ± 0.32 (3.4, 5.2) |
0.72 |
| B17 layers V-IV | 4.16 ± 0.75 (2.4, 6.3) |
5.56 ± 0.40 (4.7, 6.8) |
0.54 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 18): total |
2.23 ± 0.41 (1.1, 3.0) |
3.38 ± 0.18 (2.9, 3.8) |
0.21 |
| Associate visual cortex (BA 19): total |
2.13 ± 0.39 (1.1, 2.9) |
3.02 ± 0.28 (2.2, 3.6) |
0.28 |
| BA 19 layers I-IV | 2.43 ± 0.55 (1.2, 4.2) |
3.29 ± 0.66 (1.6, 4.5) |
0.87 |
| BA 19 layers V-IV | 3.30 ± 0.48 (1.7, 4.5) |
4.67 ± 0.54 (3.1, 5.3) |
0.46 |
*
Legend:p<0.05 is considered significant.
W
Wilcoxon Rank Sum used instead of t-test (see Materials and Methods). FDR: false discovery rate. Note: Laminar data presented where binding could be determined.