A) C57BL/6 Mouse Spleen CFUs (N=4 each per time point) infected with 16M or ΔBM-LOV-HK. ΔBM-LOV-HK infected spleens contain significantly less bacteria at 3 days post infection (*P=0.0286, Mann-Whitney) but not at 6 days post infection. 16M & ΔBM-LOV-HK strains used in part A contain empty pBBRmcs4 plasmid. B) Percent survival of IRF-1−/− mice infected with B. melitensis 16M (N=11) or ΔBM-LOV-HK (N=12). ΔBM-LOV-HK infected mice survive significantly longer than 16M infected mice (P=0.0001, Mantel-Cox). C) IRF-1−/− Mouse Spleen CFUs (N=4 each per time point) infected with 16M or ΔBM-LOV-HK. ΔBM-LOV-HK infected spleens contain significantly less bacteria at 3 & 6 days post infection (*P=0.0286, Mann-Whitney) for both time points. 16M infected IRF-1−/− mice begin to succumb to infection 6 days post infection. Means shown by horizontal lines in A, standard error of mean shown by error bars in C, & infectious dose of 1x106 CFUs for A-C.