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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 27.
Published in final edited form as: Photoacoustics. 2014 Sep 1;2(3):119–127. doi: 10.1016/j.pacs.2014.07.001

Figure 4. Biodegradation data of CNPs.

Figure 4

A) A hexokinase glucose assay was validated with standards. B) The activity of the cellulase enzyme was validated with a cellulose standard and caused increased glucose concentration in samples with cellulase, but not the control samples. All points except 0.5 hours were significant at p<0.01. C) Both control (raw cellulose) and CNPs produced glucose in the presence of cellulase suggesting biodegradation. Error bars in A–C represent the standard deviation of at least 3 replicate measurements. The CNPs had statistically elevated glucose levels that were above raw cellulose at p<0.05 for all points above 0.5 h. D) TEM imaging of naïve CNPs compared to CNPs treated with heat and acidic cellulase (E) and heat/acid only (F). Smaller fragments in the cellulase-treated CNPs are highlighted by black arrows.