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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Med. 2015 Jan 27;4(2):204–230. doi: 10.3390/jcm4020204

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Specificity of antiviral polyamides for cells containing HPV episomal DNA [6]. Treatment of HPV-negative (C33A) and HPV16-integrated (SiHa) cells with AVP causes a limited, nearly identical transcriptional alteration of DDR genes. On the other hand, AVPs elicit large transcriptional changes in DDR pathways in cells maintaining HPV16 episomes. The DNA damage response does not result in cell cycle arrest but does lead to degradation and loss of HPV DNA. Repair of HPV DNA is not evident in Southern blots. However, the enhancement of viral DNA loss and fragmentation caused by inhibition of MRE11 suggests that the MRN complex acts to oppose AVP-mediated destruction of episomes.