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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2015 Oct;156(10):1852–1863. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000204

Figure 8. Representative confocal images of co-immunostaining for glial cell markers and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK) in the lumbar spinal cord at 4 weeks after fracture.

Figure 8

Top and third row panels are from a normal control rat, second and fourth row panels are from a fracture rat. Minimal pERK (green) immunostaining was seen in the spinal cord from normal control. In contrast, a substantial increase in pERK immunostaining was observed in the cord at 4 weeks after fracture. Double labeling demonstrates that ERK is activated in the Iba1-positive microglia (red) and GFAP-positive astrocytes (red) in the spinal cord dorsal horn after fracture (n = 4 per cohort). FX: fracture, ipsi: ipsilateral. Scale bar = 50 μm.