Table 4.
Risk of child obesity at age 7 years according to gestational weight gain and prenatal factors (n=323)1
| Obesity Risk (BMIZ>95%ile) RR (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | ||
| Excessive GWG model | |||
| Excessive GWG2 | 2.75 (1.43, 5.29) | 2.93 (1.49,5.75) | |
| Prepregnancy BMI3, 5-kg/m2 | 1.31 (1.07, 1.61) | 1.40 (1.12,1.75) | |
| Total GWG model | |||
| Total GWG4, kg | 1.07 (1.03, 1.12) | 1.04 (1.01,1.08) | |
| Prepregnancy BMI3, 5-kg/m2 | 1.41(1.14, 1.74) | 1.53 (1.21,1.92) | |
Model I includes GWG (total or excessive), prepregnancy BMI (continuous) and gestational age (weeks) for total GWG model; Model II (Fully adjusted), includes Model I and covariates [parity (continuous), child age (months), maternal race/ethnicity (categorical), maternal education >12 y (yes/no), child sex, receipt of public assistance (yes/no); ability to afford food in pregnancy (yes/no) and high prenatal demoralization (yes/no)]
Adequate/inadequate GWG was the reference group.
Prepregnancy BMI was modeled as a continuous variable; effects shown are per 5 kg/m2increase in prepregnancy BMI
Total GWG modeled as a continuous variable; effects shown are per 1-kg increase in GWG
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GWG, gestational weight gain