TABLE I.

Means (and standard deviations) for vowel duration in milliseconds by ethnicity, gender and age group. WAE = White American English, AAE = African American English.

Vowels	WAE Male	WAE Female	AAE Male	AAE Female
	Segregation Group [Older Speakers]
i	267.2 (37.4)	295.7 (30.7)	327.6 (29.2)	374.2 (63.1)
ɪ	235.1 (31.1)	242.3 (27.7)	310.2 (24.9)	335.7 (53.7)
e	277.1 (41.9)	315.5 (34.5)	361.5 (33.5)	399.3 (69.3)
ε	268.6 (42.6)	275.2 (35.1)	337.9 (30.1)	338.2 (78.8)
æ	286.4 (39.0)	302.0 (35.8)	366.0 (32.5)	381.8 (74.1)
ɑ	280.5 (35.6)	314.0 (24.5)	363.8 (26.5)	401.6 (50.4)
u	268.6 (60.1)	303.0 (46.9)	346.7 (32.9)	375.1 (45.5)
ʊ	242.1 (36.5)	259.5 (28.4)	315.0 (26.5)	342.8 (51.9)
o	282.7 (41.5)	325.0 (44.2)	338.3 (60.5)	406.2 (67.4)
ɔ	298.5 (44.1)	346.9 (34.3)	376.8 (35.9)	417.0 (50.7)
ɝ	300.7 (48.1)	317.7 (44.3)	371.2 (43.8)	403.8 (64.1)
aɪ	308.8 (52.6)	325.2 (36.4)	391.7 (45.2)	428.5 (85.0)
ɔ ɪ	282.3 (40.3)	302.6 (30.5)	355.0 (27.1)	366.3 (40.5)
aʊ	300.9 (56.1)	359.7 (38.3)	394.9 (14.8)	420.9 (51.3)
Total	278.5 (51.6)	306.0 (49.9)	354.0 (50.8)	385.1 (73.8)
	Integration Group [Younger Speakers]
i	244.2 (29.2)	284.0 (55.8)	334.0 (36.5)	348.4 (38.3)
ɪ	214.7 (32.5)	242.0 (53.8)	302.6 (50.4)	326.5 (31.3)
e	258.2 (38.1)	304.3 (55.4)	356.1 (34.8)	372.9 (33.4)
ε	227.2 (27.6)	261.6 (47.9)	322.0 (54.6)	328.8 (31.8)
æ	259.6 (33.2)	295.8 (48.2)	353.5 (35.3)	381.6 (31.5)
ɑ	264.6 (27.7)	297.2 (59.4)	360.5 (35.1)	376.2 (23.3)
u	245.6 (39.9)	286.1(66.3)	344.5 (33.2)	350.8 (34.2)
ʊ	221.3 (35.8)	260.3 (66.1)	331.1 (43.2)	332.8 (43.8)
o	275.5 (32.3)	305.5(61.4)	357.1 (39.3)	379.8 (34.7)
ɔ	293.3 (32.9)	318.7(55.4)	398.0 (28.9)	374.6 (43.8)
ɝ	272.6 (18.9)	294.4(55.9)	352.7 (25.5)	360.6 (41.0)
aɪ	275.7 (28.5)	305.5(56.0)	377.8 (26.2)	387.8 (31.4)
ɔ ɪ	270.2 (37.8)	297.0(63.2)	362.3 (29.2)	380.6 (33.6)
aʊ	308.4 (39.6)	327.9(57.5)	398.4 (21.5)	415.4 (32.1)
Total	259.4 (43.9)	291.4 (61.1)	353.6 (49.4)	365.5 (49.0)