Table 2. Sample Clinical Research Outcome and Process Improvement Measures.

Category	Measures
Overall study functions	Time to IRB approval, protocol amendment cycle Time to hiring or training research staff
Participants (patient or clinician)	Achieving recruitment goal Increasing monthly enrollment rate Increasing the number of minority participants Increasing proportion of participants from particular types of treatment settings Increasing participant retention rate Increasing participant adherence to medications or other treatment procedures Increasing participant and clinician satisfaction with participation in the trial
Protocol or services	Increasing access to timely treatment appointments Improving timeliness of collection of samples (blood etc.) Reducing deviations in the treatment protocol
Data collection and analysis	Decreasing rate of data collection or processing related errors Improving collection of primary outcome data
Cost	Adhering to trial budget Decreasing per participant study cost Decreasing supply cost variation from budget