Figure 1.
Three series of phenazine derivatives of clofazimine were synthesized to probe the relationship between clofazimine’s chemical structure (a, b and c) and its cellular staining patterns (a’, b’ and c’). The common phenazine core shared by all phenazine compounds is shown in the top left corner of the figure. In the first series of derivatives (a and a’), the chlorophenyl groups of clofazimine were substituted with different functionalities. In the second series (b and b’), the isopropyl R-imino group of clofazimine was substituted with achiral functional groups. In the third series (c and c’) the isopropyl R-imino group of clofazimine was substituted with additional functional groups that probed the effects of an added stereochemical center. Scale bar = 20 µm.