Figure 1. Amplifying ultrasound signals using microbubbles modifies animal behavior.
(a) Schematic of the computer-controlled imaging and ultrasound exposure system (frontal view) and (b) the agar plate with animals (top view) corralled into a small area by a copper barrier (1.5 cm in diameter). (c) Image sequence showing that animals do not respond to low-pressure ultrasound (US) alone. (d) Schematic of a stabilized microbubble. (e) Images showing that animals exhibit reversals and omega bends upon ultrasound (US) stimulus (single 10 ms pulse, 2.25 MHz with peak negative pressure of 0.9 MPa) in the presence of microbubbles.