Table 2.
Regression coefficients (P values) for the association between adherence to diet and changes in body weight and body composition in the low-carbohydrate diet group
| Δ Body weight, kg | Δ Fat mass, % | Δ Lean mass, % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Attendance at dietary counseling | |||
| By session | |||
| Individual | 0.15 (0.22) | 0.01 (0.89) | −0.02 (0.68) |
| Bi-weekly group | −0.08 (0.03) | −0.04 (0.03) | 0.04 (0.01) |
| Monthly group | −0.08 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.005) | 0.04 (0.003) |
| By time | |||
| 3 months | −0.08 (0.21) | −0.05 (0.07) | 0.06 (0.04) |
| 6 months | −0.11 (0.04) | −0.05 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.01) |
| 12 months | −0.12 (0.01) | −0.06 (0.007) | 0.07 (0.003) |
| Mean of discrepancy of carbohydrate goal | |||
| 3 months | 5.1 (0.002) | 1.5 (0.07) | −1.5 (0.06) |
| 6 months | 4.0 (0.02) | 1.7 (0.03) | −1.6 (0.05) |
| 12 months | 5.0 (<0.001) | 1.5 (0.01) | −1.5 (0.02) |
| % Ketones positive | |||
| 3 months | −12.0 (<0.001) | −5.1 (0.001) | 5.1 (<0.001) |
| 6 months | −14.5 (<0.001) | −6.4 (<0.001) | 6.5 (<0.001) |
| 12 months | −15.4 (<0.001) | −6.8 (0.001) | 7.0 (<0.001) |
| Composite score* | |||
| 3 months | −1.5 (0.22) | −1.1 (0.07) | 1.1 (0.04) |
| 6 months | −2.0 (0.04) | −0.9 (0.04) | 1.1 (0.01) |
| 12 months | −2.2 (0.01) | −1.1 (0.008) | 1.3 (0.003) |
*
A one-interquartile-range increase in composite adherence score, based on attendance at dietary session, deviation from macronutrient goals, and ketone presence.