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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Sci. 2016 Apr 15;27(6):848–858. doi: 10.1177/0956797616639301

Figure 2.

Figure 2

(A) Proportion of first-stage stay choices as a function of reward and transition type for each age group. Children showed a model-free strategy, sensitive only to previous reward, whereas adolescents and adults exhibited a mixture of strategies, taking into account both the previous reward and transition type. (B) The model-based signature of behavior (reward-by-transition interaction) was not present in children but increased significantly with age (p = .0004).