Table 1. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Parameter Estimates.
Estimates ± standard deviation from pharmacokinetic analysis, the maximum percent increase over baseline for heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and QRS duration, and the estimates for Eo, EC50, and Emax from six dogs given cocaine alone and cocaine + ethanol. Only the Cl was found to be significantly different between the cocaine alone and cocaine + ethanol treatment phases.
| Cocaine | Cocaine+Ethanol | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetics | ||||||
| k (min−1) | 0.016±0.0040 | 0.0119±0.0041 | ||||
| Vss (L/kg) | 2.5±0.61 | 3.1±0.97 | ||||
| Cl (L/min) | 1.24±0.123 | 0.79±0.283† | ||||
| Cmax (ng/ml) | 2838±497 | 2804±1016 | ||||
| Maximum Effect over Baseline | ||||||
| Heart Rate | 49±31% | 53±28% | ||||
| Systolic BP | 46±13% | 49±28% | ||||
| Diastolic BP | 88±44% | 79±37 | ||||
| QRS | 18±10% | 24±10% | ||||
| Simple Emax | Eo | EC50 | Emax | Eo | EC50 | Emax |
| Heart Rate (beats/min) | 93±16 | 4482±5330 | 188±62 | 96±15 | 1477±1239 | 164±47 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 152±22 | 276±161 | 224±19 | 148±23 | 565±404 | 233±35 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 94±15 | 619±164 | 166±13 | 94±10 | 403±183 | 153±9 |
| QRS (msec) | 76±7 | 11797±6014 | 128±32 | 61±8 | 599±7549 | 94±17 |