Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample.
| Total (n=27) |
Non-responders (n=12) |
Responders (n=15) |
Non-responders vs. Responders |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 37.56±11.73 | 43.33±13.23 | 32.93±8.14 | U=44.0, p=0.024 |
| Sex (males / females) | 10 / 17 | 4 / 8 | 6 / 9 | X2=0.13, p=0.726 |
| Ethnicity (Caucasian / non-Caucasian) | 20 / 7 | 8 / 4 | 12 / 3 | X2=0.62, p=0.432 |
| Years of education (mean ± SD) | 16.15±1.98 | 16.00±2.56 | 16.27±1.44 | U=83.0, p=0.724 |
| Household Income1 (mean ± SD) | $39,406±$26,169 (n=16) |
$43,500±$31,035 (n=8) |
$35,313±$21,589 (n=8) |
U=58.5, p=0.643 |
| BMI (kg/m2; mean ± SD) | 26.86±4.81 | 29.39±4.37 | 24.84±4.26 | U=38.5, p=0.012* |
|
Current Tobbacco Users (users / non-users; mean ± SD) |
9 / 18 | 3 / 9 | 6 / 9 | X2=0.68, p=0.411 |
|
Alcohol Consumption2 (# of drinks this month; mean ± SD) |
15.65±3.33 (n=24) |
20.38±5.34 (n=12) |
10.92±3.73 (n=12) |
U=50.0, p=0.199 |
| HDRS pre-treatment (mean ± SD) | 19.63±3.32 | 19.25±3.39 | 19.93±3.35 | U=86.5, p=0.860 |
| HDRS post-treatment (mean ± SD) | 9.78±4.58 | 13.75±2.77 | 6.60±2.92 | U=6.0, p<0.001* |
|
PANAS Negative Scale pre-treatment3 (mean ± SD) |
41.75±9.58 (n=20) |
41.44±9.57 (n=9) |
42.00±10.05 (n=11) |
U=49.0, p=0.970 |
|
PANAS Negative Scale post-treatment3 (mean ± SD) |
27.75±5.20 (n=20) |
29.11±4.23 (n=9) |
26.64±5.84 (n=11) |
U=36.5, p=0.321 |
|
PANAS Positive Scale pre-treatment3 (mean ± SD) |
26.85±5.03 (n=20) |
25.22±3.15 (n=9) |
28.18±5.98 (n=11) |
U=34.0, p=0.235 |
|
PANAS Positive Scale post-treatment3 (mean ± SD) |
37.85±10.44 (n=20) |
33.00±5.20 (n=9) |
41.82±12.13 (n=11) |
U=33.5, p=0.223 |
|
YPAS Vigorous Activity Index Score4 (mean ± SD) |
259.08±336.21 | 374.22±427.37 | 166.96±214.39 | U=64.5, p=0.207 |
|
Lifetime Depression Chronicity5 (months; adjusted mean ± SD) |
141.24±115.99 | 158.58±122.91 | 123.89±121.39 | F=0.48, p=0.494 |
|
Baseline Subjective Stress6 (mean ± SD) |
24.61±6.19 (n=23) |
26.20±5.67 (n=10) |
23.38±6.51 (n=13) |
U=47.5, p=0.276 |
|
Final SSRI Dose7 (mg/day; mean ± SD) |
99.07±34.31 | 112.50±34.86 | 88.33±32.55 | U=52.0, p=.067 |
Abbreviations: BMI = Body Mass Index; HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PANAS = Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; YPAS = Yale Physical Activity Survey.
Significant at the 0.05 level
Household income reported by 16 participants (8 Responders; 8 Non-responders).
Self-reported approximate number of drinks in the month prior to baseline blood draw; data available for 24 participants (12 Responders; 12 Non-responders).
PANAS data only includes that from participants whom completed the scale at both pre- and post-treatment timepoints; data available for 20 participants (11 Responders; 9 Non-responders).
YPAS Vigorous Activity Index Score is derived by multiplying the “frequency score” X the “duration score” X the participants’ weight (in kg); frequency scores range from 0–4 and duration scores range from 0–3 [28].
Data is age-adjusted using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA); Lifetime depression chronicity was estimated using life history charting methods described by Post; only periods of time during which subjects met DSM-IV criteria for MDD were counted.
Baseline subjective stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) [27]; scores range from 0–40, in which higher scores indicate greater levels of perceived stress; data available for 23 participants (13 Responders, 10 Non-responders).
Data for final SSRI dose is based on dose equivalency of Sertraline [46].